COMPARATIVE ANALYSIS OF CYTOTOXICITY OF CHLOROFORM EXTRACTS FROM LAMIUM ALBUM L. AND MORPHOLOGICAL ALTERATIONS IN MAMMALIAN CELLS
RALITSA VELEVA1, VESELINA MOSKOVA-DOUMANOVA1, DANIELA DRAGOLOVA2,
JORDAN DOUMANOV3, TANYA TOPOUZOVA-HRISTOVA1*
1 – Department of Cytology, Histology and Embryology, Faculty of Biology, Sofia University “St. Kliment Ohridski”, Sofia, Bulgaria
2 – Department of Plant Physiology, Faculty of Biology, Sofia University “St. Kliment Ohridski”, Sofia, Bulgaria
3 – Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Biology, Sofia University “St. Kliment Ohridski”, Sofia, Bulgaria
*Corresponding author: topouzova@biofac.iuni-sofia.bg
Keywords: Lamium album L., cytotoxicity, chloroform extracts
Abstract: Lamium album L. is a plant commonly used in traditional medicine because of its anti-inflammatory, astringent, antiseptic and antispasmodic activities. There are differences in the composition of secondary metabolites in plants grown in their natural habitats (in vivo), micropropagated plants (in vitro) and after their subsequent cultivation in a natural environment (ex vitro). In this study we aim to compare the activity of chloroform Soxhlet extracts from Lamium album plants, collected from a wild population, cultivated in vitro and adapted ex vitro on A549 human cancer cell line and the non-cancer kidney epithelial cells MDCKII. We have performed cell cytotoxicity test (crystal violet assay) and membrane permeability test (trypan blue exclusion assay) as well as morphological analysis of changes induced by the extracts.
Upon treatment with extract ex vitro a large percentage of cells with damaged membranes at 24 hours has been observed. After 48 hours the total number of cells has been reduced, but the cells with damaged membranes have a relatively small rate. For comparison, 48 hours after treatment with in vitro extract, 100% damaged A549 cells has been observed.